5454 H32 aluminum alloy is a specific state of the 5454 aluminum alloy achieved through strain hardening and stabilization processes.
5454-H32 aluminum alloy is a specific state of the 5454 aluminum alloy achieved through strain hardening and stabilization processes. Compared to fully annealed condition (O temper) and fully hardened condition (H38), the strength of 5454-H32 aluminum alloy is approximately one-fourth of the strength between these two states.
Strain hardening is a method of strengthening metals through mechanical deformation (e.g., rolling or stretching). In this process, the crystal structure changes, making the metal harder. Subsequent stabilization treatment stabilizes the structure and performance of the metal through a thermal process, ensuring stability and reliability during use.
5454-H32 aluminum alloy is widely used in applications requiring excellent strength and corrosion resistance, such as marine and offshore structures, as well as applications requiring high strength and good formability.
In aluminum alloys, "H32" denotes the temper or state of the material. Specifically, H32 indicates a strain-hardened and stabilized condition. It means:
Strain Hardened (H): Aluminum alloys tempered to an H state are strengthened through a process known as strain hardening or cold working, involving plastic deformation such as rolling or stretching, which changes its crystal structure and increases its strength. The temper is denoted by the letter H followed by a number (e.g., H32, H34, H36), with each number representing a different level of strain hardening.
Stabilized (32): The number following H indicates a specific stabilization treatment applied to the alloy after strain hardening. For H32, the alloy is stabilized to approximately one-fourth the strength of fully annealed (O temper) aluminum, but compared to fully hardened states like H38, it offers significantly better formability and corrosion resistance.
H32 aluminum is an aluminum alloy that has been strain-hardened to a quarter-hard state and then stabilized to achieve a balance of strength, formability, and corrosion resistance, suitable for various applications including marine structures, automotive components, and architectural uses.
| Alloy & Temper | Thickness | Tensile Strengths – ksi | ||||
| ULTIMATE | YIELD | Elongation % min in 2in or 4D | ||||
| Min | Max | Min | Max | |||
| 5454-H32 | .009-.012 | 31 | 37 | 25 | 25 | 4 |
| .013-.019 | 31 | 37 | 25 | 25 | 5 | |
| .020-.031 | 31 | 37 | 25 | 25 | 6 | |
| .032-.050 | 31 | 37 | 25 | 25 | 8 | |
| .051-.113 | 31 | 37 | 25 | 25 | 10 | |
| .114-.161 | 31 | 37 | 25 | 25 | 12 | |
| .162-.249 | 31 | 37 | 25 | 25 | 14 | |
| .250-.499 | 31 | 37 | 25 | 25 | 16 | |
| .500-1.00 | 31 | 37 | 25 | 25 | 18 | |
| per The Aluminum Association, Inc. | ||
| Alloy & Temper | Element | Percentage |
| 5454-H32 | Silicon | 0.25 max |
| Iron | 0.4 max | |
| Copper | 0.1 max | |
| Manganese | 0.50 – 1.0 | |
| Magnesium | 2.4 – 3.0 | |
| Chromium | 0.05 – 0.20 | |
| Zinc | 0.25 max | |
| Titanium | 0.2 max | |
| Others (each) | 0.05 max | |
| Others (total) | 0.15 max | |
| Aluminum (Al) | Balance | |
These are the basic properties of 5454 aluminum that are independent of its mechanical characteristics.
| Alloy & Temper | Property | Value |
| 5454-H32 | Density | 2.69 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 607 – 652 °C | |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 70.3 GPa | |
| Thermal Conductivity | 130 W/m-K | |
| Electrical Resistivity | 0.059 µΩ·m |
| Chemical Element | % Present |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.50 - 1.00 |
| Iron (Fe) | 0.0 - 0.40 |
| Magnesium (Mg) | 2.40 - 3.00 |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.0 - 0.25 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 0.05 - 0.20 |
| Titanium (Ti) | 0.0 - 0.20 |
| Zinc (Zn) | 0.0 - 0.25 |
| Copper (Cu) | 0.0 - 0.10 |
| Other (Each) | 0.0 - 0.05 |
| Others (Total) | 0.0 - 0.15 |
| Aluminium (Al) | Balanc |
The main difference between the H32 and H34 states of 5052 aluminum alloy lies in their degree of strain hardening and corresponding mechanical properties. The selection between these two states in engineering applications needs to consider the material's strength, hardness, and formability.
1. Strength and Hardness
H34 state exhibits a higher degree of strain hardening compared to H32. This means that after cold working, aluminum alloys in the H34 state typically have higher strength and hardness. Therefore, when applications require higher strength materials, the H34 state may be more suitable.
2. Formability
In contrast, H32 state has a lower degree of strain hardening. This allows 5052 aluminum alloy in H32 state to have better formability and ductility in certain forming operations. Thus, for applications requiring better formability, such as complex forming or deep drawing operations, H32 state might be more appropriate.
The choice between H32 and H34 states of 5052 aluminum alloy depends on specific application requirements. If higher strength and hardness are needed, H34 state is preferable; whereas if excellent formability is required, H32 state may be more suitable. In practical engineering, factors such as mechanical properties, processing techniques, and cost should be comprehensively considered to make the optimal choice.
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