Jan. 08, 2025
3005-O aluminum has high strength, excellent fatigue strength, but poor ductility, making it suitable for high-strength applications. 3103-O aluminum has good ductility, strong toughness, and is suitable for low-strength applications that require significant deformation.
3005-O aluminum and 3103-O aluminum are two common aluminum alloys. Although they have some similarities in chemical composition and thermal properties, they exhibit significant differences in mechanical properties.
Both alloys have similar chemical composition and thermal properties, but they show significant differences in mechanical properties such as elongation, fatigue strength, shear strength, and tensile strength (ultimate and yield strength). The elongation of 3005-O aluminum is lower than that of 3103-O aluminum, while its tensile strength is higher. Additionally, compared to 3103-O, 3005-O aluminum shows higher elasticity in fracture toughness, but with a lower modulus of elasticity.
| Mechanical Properties | 3005-O Aluminum | 3103-O Aluminum | Notes |
| Elongation | Lower | Higher | 3005-O aluminum undergoes less deformation during stretching, while 3103-O aluminum has better ductility. |
| Tensile Strength | Higher than 3103-O aluminum | Lower | 3005-O aluminum withstands higher loads, suitable for high-strength structures, while 3103-O aluminum is more suitable for low-load applications. |
| Yield Strength | Higher than 3103-O aluminum | Lower | 3005-O aluminum better resists plastic deformation under high-load environments. |
| Fracture Elongation | Lower | Higher | 3005-O aluminum is more prone to brittle fracture, while 3103-O aluminum has better toughness and plasticity, making it less prone to fracture. |
| Fatigue Strength | Higher | Lower | 3005-O aluminum is more durable under cyclic loading or vibration. |
| Shear Strength | Higher | Lower | 3005-O aluminum can withstand larger cutting forces, while 3103-O aluminum is more suitable for applications with lower shear stress. |
Although 3005-O aluminum and 3103-O aluminum are similar in chemical composition and thermal properties, they differ significantly in mechanical properties. 3005-O aluminum performs better in strength and fatigue strength, while 3103-O aluminum has advantages in ductility and plasticity. Therefore, the choice of alloy should be determined based on the specific application requirements. For example, if the application requires higher strength and lower deformation, 3005-O aluminum may be more suitable; whereas if higher ductility and lower strength are needed, 3103-O aluminum would be a better choice.
3005-O Aluminum Chemical Composition
Main elements: Aluminum, Manganese, Silicon, Copper, Iron
Manganese content is approximately 1.0-1.5%, which is its main alloying element, providing certain strength and corrosion resistance.
Copper content is relatively low.
3103-O Aluminum Chemical Composition
Main elements: Aluminum, Manganese, Silicon, Copper, Iron
Manganese content is higher, around 1.0-1.5%, and silicon content is higher, typically used to enhance the alloy’s machinability and corrosion resistance.
Copper content is slightly higher than in 3005 aluminum, which increases tensile strength.
| Element | 3005-O Aluminum | 3103-O Aluminum |
| Aluminum (Al), % | 95.7 to 98.8 | 96.3 to 99.1 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 to 0.1 | 0 to 0.1 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.3 | 0 to 0.1 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.7 | 0 to 0.7 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 0.2 to 0.6 | 0 to 0.3 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 1.0 to 1.5 | 0.9 to 1.5 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.6 | 0 to 0.5 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 to 0.1 | 0 to 0.1 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 to 0.25 | 0 to 0.2 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 0 | 0 to 0.1 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | 0 to 0.15 |
| Property | 3005-O Aluminum | 3103-O Aluminum |
| Brinell Hardness | 33 | 27 |
| Elastic (Young's) Modulus, x 10^6 psi | 10 | 10 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 16 | 28 |
| Fatigue Strength, x 10^3 psi | 7.7 | 6.6 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.33 | 0.33 |
| Shear Modulus, x 10^6 psi | 3.8 | 3.8 |
| Shear Strength, x 10^3 psi | 12 | 10 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), x 10^3 psi | 20 | 16 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), x 10^3 psi | 7.4 | 5.7 |
Both have similar thermal properties, with good thermal conductivity and high-temperature stability, making them suitable for high-temperature environments.
After stress relief and heat treatment, both have similar thermal expansion properties.
Both are in the O temper (annealed state), so they have good plasticity during processing, making them suitable for deep processing materials.
| Property | 3005-O Aluminum | 3103-O Aluminum |
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 400 | 400 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °F | 360 | 380 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °F | 1210 | 1210 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °F | 1180 | 1180 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, BTU/lb-°F | 0.21 | 0.21 |
| Thermal Conductivity, BTU/h-ft-°F | 93 | 93 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 23 | 23 |
| Property | 3005-O Aluminum | 3103-O Aluminum |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 42 | 42 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 140 | 140 |
| Property | 3005-O Aluminum | 3103-O Aluminum |
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 9.5 | 9.5 |
| Density, lb/ft³ | 170 | 170 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material | 8.2 | 8.2 |
| Embodied Energy, x 10³ BTU/lb | 66 | 66 |
| Embodied Water, gal/lb | 140 | 140 |
| Property | 3005-O Aluminum | 3103-O Aluminum |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m³ | 18 | 24 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m³ | 18 | 11 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 49 | 50 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | 11 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 21 | 18 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm²/s | 64 | 64 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 6.0 | 4.8 |
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