Jan. 08, 2025
3005-H18 aluminum alloy has higher hardness, fatigue strength, shear strength, and tensile strength compared to 3003-H18, but its thermal conductivity and toughness are slightly lower.
Both 3003 H18 and 3005-H18 are aluminum alloys belonging to the 3000 series, with manganese as their primary alloying element. Both alloys are in the H18 temper, meaning they have undergone work hardening to achieve very high strength (the highest in the H series, making them harder but with lower formability). While they have similar chemical compositions and thermal properties, there are significant differences in their mechanical properties, which affects their suitability for different applications.
| Property | 3003-H18 Aluminum | 3005-H18 Aluminum |
| Alloy Composition | Similar composition with minor differences | Similar composition with minor differences |
| Brinell Hardness | Lower hardness | Higher hardness |
| Fatigue Strength | Lower fatigue strength | Higher fatigue strength |
| Shear Strength | Lower shear strength | Higher shear strength |
| Tensile Strength (Ultimate) | Lower tensile strength | Higher tensile strength |
| Tensile Strength (Yield) | Lower yield strength | Higher yield strength |
| Thermal Conductivity | Better thermal conductivity | Slightly lower conductivity |
| Resilience (Unit Rupture Work) | Higher | Lower |
| Modulus of Resilience | Lower | Higher |
| Strength-to-Weight Ratio (Axial) | Lower | Higher |
| Strength-to-Weight Ratio (Bending) | Lower | Higher |
Although 3003-H18 and 3005-H18 aluminum alloys are very similar in composition and many thermal and electrical properties, their mechanical properties differ significantly. 3005-H18 has higher strength, hardness, and fatigue resistance, making it suitable for applications where strength and durability under pressure are critical. In contrast, 3003-H18 has better elongation and formability, making it more suitable for applications that require greater flexibility and ductility.
| Aluminum Alloy | Application Description |
| 3003-H18 Aluminum | Suitable for products that require good formability, such as decorative panels, kitchen utensils, household appliances, and consumer goods. |
| 3005-H18 Aluminum | Suitable for products that require high strength and durability, such as automotive structural components, industrial equipment, and applications in high-stress environments. |
3003 H18 Aluminum Applications
| Application Area | Detailed Description |
| Decorative Materials | 3003-H18 aluminum, due to its excellent formability and surface finish, is commonly used for manufacturing various decorative materials. It is widely used in interior and exterior decorations, building facades, aluminum wall panels, and more. Its good surface treatment characteristics allow it to be anodized or coated, making it more aesthetically pleasing and corrosion-resistant. |
| Kitchen Utensils | 3003-H18 aluminum, with its excellent processing performance, is commonly used in the manufacture of kitchen utensils such as pots, frying pans, and cooking equipment. The alloy is easy to stamp and has good corrosion resistance, making it very suitable for environments with high temperatures and frequent contact with food. |
| Consumer Goods | Due to its lighter weight and lower cost, 3003-H18 aluminum is also widely used in producing various consumer goods, such as electronic product enclosures, household appliance casings, and automotive interiors. Its excellent machinability makes it very popular in these industries. |
3005 H18 Aluminum Applications
| Application Area | Detailed Description |
| Structural Components | 3005-H18 aluminum is widely used in structural components that need to bear heavy loads, such as supporting frameworks in building structures and bridge components. Its higher strength makes it suitable for high-strength structural applications, allowing it to effectively withstand external pressures and loads. |
| Heavy-Duty Applications | Due to the higher durability and stronger stress resistance of 3005-H18 aluminum, it is widely used in heavy machinery equipment and industrial applications. For example, it is used in supports, frames, and structural components of heavy machinery in industrial facilities, where it can withstand long-term mechanical impact and loading. |
| Automotive | 3005-H18 aluminum is used in automotive manufacturing for producing body frames, chassis, and other components. Its high-strength characteristics allow these parts to provide additional safety and durability while reducing overall weight, improving fuel efficiency. |
| High-Stress Applications | In aerospace, railways, and the transportation industry, 3005-H18 aluminum, due to its strength and fatigue resistance, is widely used in components that bear high stress, such as fuselage supports, train carriage frames, and more. These applications require aluminum alloys that can endure high-intensity mechanical stresses over extended periods. |
3003-H18 and 3005-H18 are both primarily aluminum and contain small amounts of manganese, copper, silicon, and other elements. The alloy compositions are quite similar, with only slight differences in the content of elements such as aluminum and other trace elements.
| Element | 3003-H18 Aluminum | 3005-H18 Aluminum |
| Aluminum (Al), % | 96.8 to 99 | 95.7 to 98.8 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | 0 to 0.1 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0.050 to 0.2 | 0 to 0.3 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.7 | 0 to 0.7 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 0 | 0.2 to 0.6 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 1.0 to 1.5 | 1.0 to 1.5 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.6 | 0 to 0.6 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | 0 to 0.1 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 to 0.1 | 0 to 0.25 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | 0 to 0.15 |
| Property | 3003-H18 Aluminum | 3005-H18 Aluminum |
| Brinell Hardness | 56 | 69 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, x 10⁶ psi | 10 | 10 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 4.5 | 1.7 |
| Fatigue Strength, x 10³ psi | 10 | 12 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.33 | 0.33 |
| Shear Modulus, x 10⁶ psi | 3.8 | 3.8 |
| Shear Strength, x 10³ psi | 16 | 21 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), x 10³ psi | 30 | 36 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), x 10³ psi | 27 | 33 |
| Property | 3003-H18 Aluminum | 3005-H18 Aluminum |
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 400 | 400 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °F | 360 | 360 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °F | 1210 | 1210 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °F | 1190 | 1180 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, BTU/lb-°F | 0.21 | 0.21 |
| Thermal Conductivity, BTU/h-ft-°F | 100 | 93 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 23 | 23 |
| Property | 3003-H18 Aluminum | 3005-H18 Aluminum |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 44 | 42 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 140 | 140 |
| Property | 3003-H18 Aluminum | 3005-H18 Aluminum |
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 9.5 | 9.5 |
| Density, lb/ft³ | 170 | 170 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material | 8.1 | 8.2 |
| Embodied Energy, x 10³ BTU/lb | 66 | 66 |
| Embodied Water, gal/lb | 140 | 140 |
| Property | 3003-H18 Aluminum | 3005-H18 Aluminum |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m³ | 9.0 | 4.1 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m³ | 240 | 370 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 50 | 49 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 21 | 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 28 | 32 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm²/s | 71 | 64 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 9.1 | 11 |
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