1060-O Aluminum vs. 1100-H14 Aluminum: A Comparative Analysis

Dec. 24, 2024

1060 O aluminum and 1100-H14 aluminum are both very common aluminum alloys. The main differences between them lie in strength, ductility, electrical conductivity, and other aspects. Although their chemical compositions are similar, their performance characteristics and application scenarios differ.

1060-O aluminum: Suitable for electrical conductors and applications requiring high ductility, primarily used for lightweight structural components, conductive parts, and heat exchangers.
1100-H14 aluminum: Suitable for applications requiring higher strength and fatigue resistance, ideal for industries, construction, and structural applications with higher load-bearing requirements.

The choice between 1060-O and 1100-H14 aluminum depends on the specific application requirements. If high electrical conductivity and ductility are needed, 1060-O aluminum is a better choice; if higher strength and fatigue resistance are required, 1100-H14 aluminum is more suitable.

Performance Parameters	1060-O Aluminum	1100-H14 Aluminum
Tensile Strength	70-90 MPa	125-155 MPa
Yield Strength	Low	Medium
Ductility	High (30% elongation)	Low (8.2% elongation)
Electrical Conductivity	Good (62-65% IACS)	Slightly lower (61-63% IACS)
Thermal Conductivity	Good (220 W/m·K)	220 W/m·K
Fatigue Strength	Poor	High
Shear Strength	Poor	High
Price	Slightly higher	Relatively cheaper

1060 O Aluminum vs. 1100-H14 Aluminum Price and Cost

1060-O aluminum typically has a higher base material price because it is almost pure aluminum, resulting in higher production costs.
1100-H14 aluminum is relatively cheaper because it contains more alloying elements, leading to lower production costs, making it more economical for mass production.

1060 O Aluminum and 1100-H14 Aluminum Applications

1060-O aluminum, due to its excellent ductility, electrical conductivity, and low strength, is widely used in electrical, electronics, and communications fields, such as cables, wires, heat exchangers, and electronic device housings. Its high ductility gives it a significant advantage in the manufacture of thin films, thin sheets, and formed products.
1100-H14 aluminum is primarily used in applications that require higher structural integrity, such as in construction, transportation vehicles, chemical containers, and ships. Its high strength and corrosion resistance make it more suitable for environments that require substantial mechanical load-bearing.

1060 O Aluminum and 1100-H14 Aluminum Alloy Composition

Although their chemical compositions are similar, 1100-H14 aluminum contains additional alloying elements that enhance certain performance aspects, particularly in terms of strength.

1060-O aluminum: Composed of almost 100% aluminum with trace amounts of copper, iron, silicon, and other elements, with a typical chemical composition of 99.6% aluminum.
1100-H14 aluminum: Primarily composed of aluminum with a higher copper content (around 0.05%-0.2%) and other trace elements. Due to its H14 temper, it has medium hardness and good corrosion resistance.

Element	1060-O Aluminum	1100-H14 Aluminum
Aluminum (Al), %	99.6 to 100	99 to 99.95
Copper (Cu), %	0 to 0.050	0.050 to 0.2
Iron (Fe), %	0 to 0.35	0 to 1.0
Magnesium (Mg), %	0 to 0.030	0
Manganese (Mn), %	0 to 0.030	0 to 0.050
Silicon (Si), %	0 to 0.25	0 to 1.0
Titanium (Ti), %	0 to 0.030	0
Vanadium (V), %	0 to 0.050	0
Zinc (Zn), %	0 to 0.050	0 to 0.1
Residuals, %	0	0 to 0.15

1060 O Aluminum and 1100-H14 Aluminum Mechanical Properties

Strength

1060-O aluminum has lower tensile and yield strength, typically ranging from 70-90 MPa, which makes it suitable for most applications that require lower strength.
1100-H14 aluminum, in contrast, has higher strength, with a tensile strength typically ranging from 125-155 MPa and a yield strength of about 70 MPa, making it suitable for structural components that require higher load-bearing capacity.

Elongation

1060-O aluminum has better ductility, with a higher elongation at break, typically around 30%. This means it can withstand more plastic deformation without breaking.
1100-H14 aluminum has a lower elongation at break, typically around 8.2%. This makes 1100-H14 aluminum less suitable for applications with complex shapes, as it has poorer formability.

Fatigue Strength and Shear Strength

1100-H14 aluminum has higher fatigue strength and shear strength, providing better durability when subjected to cyclic stress or high shear loads.
1060-O aluminum performs poorly in these aspects, and is generally not suitable for high-load environments or situations where it is subjected to frequent stress.

Property	1060-O Aluminum	1100-H14 Aluminum
Brinell Hardness	19	32
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, x 10⁶ psi	9.9	10
Elongation at Break, %	30	8.2
Fatigue Strength, x 10³ psi	2.9	7.2
Poisson's Ratio	0.33	0.33
Shear Modulus, x 10⁶ psi	3.7	3.8
Shear Strength, x 10³ psi	7.2	11
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), x 10³ psi	10	18
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), x 10³ psi	3.1	16

1060 O Aluminum and 1100-H14 Aluminum Thermal Properties

1060-O aluminum has good thermal conductivity, approximately 220 W/m·K. Due to its higher purity, 1060-O aluminum excels in thermal conduction applications, making it suitable for devices such as radiators and heat exchangers.

1100-H14 aluminum has slightly lower thermal conductivity, around 220 W/m·K, but the difference is not significant, and it still meets most thermal conduction requirements.

Property	1060-O Aluminum	1100-H14 Aluminum
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g	400	400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °F	340	360
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °F	1210	1210
Melting Onset (Solidus), °F	1190	1190
Specific Heat Capacity, BTU/lb-°F	0.22	0.22
Thermal Conductivity, BTU/h-ft-°F	140	130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K	24	24

1060 O Aluminum and 1100-H14 Aluminum Electrical Properties

1060-O aluminum has good electrical conductivity, approximately 62-65% IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard). Due to its lower alloy content, its electrical conductivity is excellent, making it commonly used for electrical conductors.

1100-H14 aluminum has relatively lower electrical conductivity, around 61-63% IACS. Although its conductivity is still good, it may be slightly inferior in applications that require extremely high electrical conductivity.

Property	1060-O Aluminum	1100-H14 Aluminum
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS	62	59
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS	210	190

Other Properties

Property	1060-O Aluminum	1100-H14 Aluminum
Base Metal Price, % relative	9.5	9.0
Calomel Potential, mV	-750	-740
Density, lb/ft³	170	170
Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material	8.3	8.2
Embodied Energy, x 10³ BTU/lb	67	66
Embodied Water, gal/lb	140	140

Common Calculations

Property	1060-O Aluminum	1100-H14 Aluminum
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m³	17	9.8
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m³	3.3	87
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points	14	14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points	50	50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points	7.4	13
Strength to Weight: Bending, points	14	21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm²/s	96	90
Thermal Shock Resistance, points	3.2	5.5

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